Comparative Analysis of Antonio Del Pollaiyolo's Battle of the Nudes Essay

Comparative Analysis of Antonio Del Pollaiyolos Battle of the nude paintings and Francisco Goyas - Essay ExampleExperts are having difficulty in geological dating Antonio Del Pollaiyolos work on the basis of personal appearance beca habit Pollaiyolo may have already used the style earlier and only changed a little during the course of his style1 . As an artist Pollaiyolo was considered ahead of his time and was tell to be one of the first Italian artists to render the inscribe of the human form2 in the same manner that Francisco Goya was excessively considered as one of the pioneers of modern painting3. The paintings of both Antonio Del Pollaiyolos Battle of the Nudes and Francisco Goyas Third of may are also large at 42.4 x 60.9 centimeter and 268?347centimeter respectively. Pollaiyolos Battle of the Nudes depicts pentad men wearing headbands and five men without, fighting in pairs with weapons in front of a duncical background of vegetation4. The characters in the engravi ng are posed in various athletic positions where they fiercely case and their muscle tones strongly emphasized. Rather than calico compared to Goyas Third of may, Del Pollaiyolos Battle of the Nudes used return-stroke engraving that was employed in modeling the bodies to create a delicate and subtle effect5. Del Pollaiyolos Battle of the Nudes where x sculpted men was fighting was inspired by Greek and Roman sculpture. Scholars opined that these engravings were not a portrait of a literary subject but rather was intended for artists to copy because Del Pollaiyolos was said to use model carvings himself before doing the engraved. Pollaiyolos work is artistically significant because it was credited to have been responsible of the originative idea of Italian Renaissances modeling of the human form as an object of art. Del Pollaiyolos was also said to be one of the pioneers of Italian Renaissance engraving. Pollaiyolos engraving of the Battle of the Nude was even said to have been used as a model of German artists such as Albrecht Durer (1471-1528) and Jorg Breu (c. 1480-1573). The detailed engraving of the human form, its particularity of the anatomical structure and the explicitness of its expression has been credited to have been germinated by Pollaiyolos6. While Del Pollaiyolos work was rich in details, Goyas The Third of May 1808 was intentionally painted with the face of the executioner to be anonymous to highlight the drama of innocent civilian that was about to be executed. In this particular work, the artistry was better rendered with the anonymity of the executioner7. What was highlighted instead was the atmosphere that contributes to the gore and brutality of the execution. The primary(prenominal) subject which was a civilian with his arms spread like the Christ in crucifixion was array against the backdrop of the rising mountain and heavy blackness of the night to highlight the terror of the persecution8. He also emphasized fear in the painting by trailing the line of unfortunate captives into the distance, suggesting that this action exit by repeated throughout the night9. Unlike in Pollaiyolos The Battle of the Nudes where the features of the characters were detailed, Goyas The Third of May painting was rendered with broad and rough strokes of the brush similar to the mature work of the Great Spanish

Social Class and Class Conflict in Jane Austens Persuasion Essay

Social Class and Class Conflict in Jane Austens Persuasion - Essay ExampleThe Elliots be a titled and landowning family, and so, in the conception of traditionalistic, aristocratic society, they enjoyed a secure position. However, Austen highlights in Persuasion skillful how unstable this position was becoming by the 19th century, and the very real risks which could threaten the fundamental felicity of gentry women. Sir Walter, preoccupy with his position as a baronet, overspends in order to maintain what he regards the traditional lifestyle of his class, and brings huge debts upon the family. This forces his daughters to move out of their childhood home Kellynch Hall and see strangers move in, who argon members of the upwardly mobile middle class people who, by prosperous trading ventures or, more respectably, through clerical, medical and naval careers, were gaining wealth and influence in the 19th century. At the same time as being forced from her home, Anne Elliot must l ive with the knowledge that she was persuaded, through the advice of the aristocratic Lady Russell, to give up marriage to the man she lived because of his lack of wealth and connections. A key point is that women at the time were ineffective to own wealth or property, and were therefore curtailed in any attempt to gain economic security. As the character of Mrs Smith shows, the consequences of a husbands or fathers death could be severe, and could leave a woman destitute and excluded from society. In the novel, the naval career is presented as means by which wealth and a certain elevation of status can be achieved in life, although the traditional beat out aristocracy might still descry the ambition of the lower sorts. However, Austen might be accused of a gentle subversion of the rigid class system of the time, in the favorable way she presents the upward tender mobility of characters like the Crofts and headman Wentworth. Of course, even a good start in the naval career is s hown to swear on influential contacts, when full admiral Croft says of Captain Wentworths charge of the Asp lucky fellow to get anything so soon, with no more interest than his (Persuasion, 51), with interest surely referring to influential people working on behalf of his interests. Nevertheless, once given a commission, a captain could make large profits, especially in a time of war as at the turn of the 19th century, when Britain was at war with France, and booty from captured ships supplemented pay. Captain Wentworth comments, Ah Those were the pleasant days when I had the Laconia How fast I made money in her (Persuasion, 52), while the Admiral even says if he have the good luck to live to another war (Persuasion, 55), clearly eyeing potential profits. Austen seems to favor the navy as a career most after the clergy, and not only in Persuasion. She uses it in this novel, however, as the model by which people can be promoted and achieve success and successfulness on the basis o f their personal merit, rather than their ancestry. Indeed, such a meritocratic system is anathema to Sir Walter, who is obsessed with heredity. This obsession with his status as a baronet reaches a comic level when we see him repeatedly reading and re-reading the entry on him in the Baronetage, no doubt the famous Debretts Peerage and Baronetage, runner published in 1802 (Ross, 196). Sir Walter is convinced that this status gives him some natural superiority, and yet, on comparison

Marketing Services of Damia Spa Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Marketing Services of Damia holiday resort - Assignment ExampleThe health knack embraces the people from this wide and diversified culture all interested in harmony of Singapore (Damai health spa Singapore n.d.). Damai symbolizes the peaceful and harmonious coexistence of these various cultures as practiced in Singapore. Numerous services be offered at the Damia resort hotel. The Spa word offers customers services that are beyond their expectations and that they would enjoy. The naturally beautiful and serene surroundings regards that the patients enjoy their stay in the Spa. Damai Spa offers treatments that are based on the dissimilar healing philosophies (Damai Spa Singapore n.d.). This makes the patient get customized treatment and services depending on their traditional beliefs and practices. The traditional Chinese medication ensures balancing by unblocking the vital energy. The Malay Jamu philosophy heals by the use of herbal and natural wellhead being. Moreover, th e European spa therapy energies the body connection while the Indian ayurveda purifies and detoxify the body (Zeithaml & Mary, 1996). When customers attend treatment at Damai Spa, they are guaranteed other supplementary services. These hold the provision of a robes and scandals for comfort. Secured lockers will make the patients backup safe their personal belonging even though the management is not responsible for the losses (Damai Spa Singapore n.d.). The Spa further prohibits smoking and drinking in the premises to ensure patients enjoy lull and peace. In addition, the spa etiquette enables the patients to shower before body checks and Damai Spa has the fitness center that is geared towards health enthusiasts while looking for innovative ways that restores balance in the lives and for total rejuvenation. The fitness center includes yoga, bollywood, capoiera and pelvic arch hop dance. All these enables the customers to engage in fat burning, strengthening exercise and provides professional advice on nutritionary and healthy lifestyle. To supplement the fitness center, recreational facilities like swimming pool, studio, badminton courts, and oasis poolside restaurant are on hand(predicate) (Damai Spa Singapore n.d.). The marketing of services requires customization of services and this explains why the wellness center offers attention to all(prenominal) member (Vedulla, 2005). Special fees charged attracts customers and affordable to the members. The technology wellness key is easy to use by the members and stores data that is communicated to the gym equipment. The key can also guide the members through each exercise because a training strength. In addition, Damai Spa salon services provide a modification of services. These include hair cut, hair color, shine lights, and hair permitting and hair treatment at affordable rates. This wide variety ofi services makes customers have selection choice and therefore enhancing their satisfaction. The services are charged at different rates, which make the spa serve various classes of people. The salons are situated in natural and serene environments that ensure comfort and satisfaction. In all the categories of services that are provided, Damai considers the diverse nature of peoples values, customs, and rituals. These diversities are blended in a manner that ensures harmony of the four-wellness philosophies. The Damai couples journey a selection and seasonal fruits served and herbal tea

Write a Criminal Sentence Reduction Letter Term Paper

Write a Criminal Sentence Reduction earn - Term Paper ExampleThis letter thus pleads for leniency in his sentencing on the basis that he has no prior condemnable record and his penitenceful about the incident. That the jury was also convinced afterward a few hours of deliberations that the accused did not intentionally end the life of his victim also shows that it was really an accident and the accused did not have any malice aforethought (Spohn 25).The defendant being my cousin, I have known him since his childhood. In this period, he has been a law-abiding citizen who has never had any encounter with the criminal justice system on account of a crime or other acts of disorderliness. I spate therefore confidently vouch for his good character that has seen him go through the school system to excrete college. As a college student, the defendant has been a rather productive and positive member of society, particularly in assisting and advising younger children in the family and t he neighborhood on their educational endeavors and career choices. From his productivity in the corporation, it is thus comprehendible that the defendant made a mistake in his actions that led to the death of the victim. Understandably, the many instances he has served the community positively make him a worthy consideration for leniency.This letter thus requests the defendants sentencing to be reduced on grounds of his good character and behavior prior to the commission of the crime and his remorse for the crime committed. Additionally, while under police custody, the accused has also shown considerably good conduct by indulging in religion,-, education-, and work-related activities and responsibilities (Lawyers.com 3). Furthermore, while under custody, he has continued to engage in training activities that could be useful after his release. If his sentence is reduced and he is released early, there are many good nurtured family members and friends who go away support him financ ially, socially, and emotional to help him recover

Popular Music Youth And Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Popular Music Youth And Education - Essay ExampleAccording to this physical composition the author further gives a detailed explanation of the relationship between popular music and preparation. In this section, the need to integrate pop music in education is overly emphasised. The author concludes the essay by giving an overview of the general importance of music.Autobiographical account of the authors relationship with music.It makes a result that from the foregoing discourse, it has been established that music surrounds our day to day activities in our diverse cultures. The most outstanding way out of this essay is that music has a great impact on the academician performance of individuals. Available studies break in that about 90% of individuals with post graduate degrees participated in music education during their school days. Similarly, schools that spent a big chunk of money on music education post very impressive academic performance in general. It has been indicated t hat music education increases ones success in the society because such people rarely get involved with drugs and substance abuse. This argument is further supported by research findings that indicate that an education in music increases overall brain activity. Moreover, children that are exposed to music at an early confront in their development possess better reasoning skills than their counterparts who had a different orientation. It is for this reason that students who are earnest in math, science, and engineering have a craving for music.

The Brady Act; A policy review Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

The Brady Act A policy reexamination - Case Study ExampleThe examination of this study will show where there is a particular proposition set of implementations for the crimes as fountainhead as changes in the understanding of the act through political and mixer rejection of the Brady Act. To alter this, there is the need to further examine what the gaps in the act ar as well as what can be done to further prevent crimes through types of weaponry.Policies and acts are defined to fork out protection and safety among the nation while regulating distinct actions by citizens in the United States. A policy which has come into effect since 1993 is the Brady Act, which is ground on regulating the hand shoots that are supplied to individuals in different states. The act was developed specifically to have regulations on criminals who try to purchase hand guns by creating controls and stipulations that are a part of receiving a handgun. The Brady Act has shown several prospects that are helping to regulate the crimes from hand gun purchases however, there are also several questions in the legitimacy of the act as well as to what extent the act can provide a complete lowering of criminal rates within different states while offering the correct types of restrictions among those who carry firearms.The concepts that are in the study are based on the Brady Act and how it has changed the regulations with firearms. The author shows that the regulations and policies have been implemented over a longer period of measure however, this has not stopped the purchases of handguns by criminals. The author shows how the policies, such as background checks, five day delay periods and state and federal regulations havent been able to alter the purchase in different states. The documentation of the act is one which the author shows as limited, specifically which is shown through the statistics of the Brady Act and the amount

Critical Response of Aflaq, al-Husri, Rida, Khalidi Essay

Critical Response of Aflaq, al-Husri, Rida, Khalidi - Essay ExampleThis term obviously refers to according much patriotism to ones ethnic, as well as the tribal community, another(prenominal) than the government (Hobsbawn 48). Therefore, this script will keenly address the issue of protonationalism according to Hobsbawm. In addition, it will upgrade illustrate the elements of protonationalism identified by Khalidi among Palestinians in 19th and 20th century, together with their contributions to their later nationalist identity numberation. The paper will further examine the existence of a unified Palestinian peasant identity. In his endeavor to understand the issue of protonationalism among communities, Hobsbawm starts by wondering why such an association should occur in any given societal fit. For instance, he wonders, why people from a similar state ought to form some communities, as well as associations that make them view the rest as strangers. Hobsbawn explains the concept of protonationalism to concord its origin from the existence of feelings resulting to the growth of interests that result to a feeling of a collective belonging (Hobsbawn 49). The new literature that explains the origin, the expansion, as well as the effects of protonationalism has identified two main distinct examples of the higher up concept. The first example of protonationalism, known as the Supra-local, does not entail the circles in which individualistics from a given setting spend their lives. It goes beyond the family setting, and immediate towns, popular to a regions inhabitants (Khalindi). The second type of protonationalism is the semi governmental bonds. Khali located several proto-nationalist elements among the Palestinians. For instance, he listed some of them as language, ethnicity, religion, icons, and awareness of belonging to a long-lasting political distinctiveness (Suleiman 206).Hobsbawn says that, for language was merely one, and not necessarily the primar y way of distinguishing between cultural communities (Hobsbawn 58). A language is significant in the nationalist identity formation. First, it acts as an avenue of communication in some(prenominal) the political, as well as the cultural activism. In addition, Hobsbawn reveals ethnicity as another element of proto-nationalism. Hobsbawn say that, ethnicity in the Herodotean sense was, is and can be something that binds together populations living on a large territories. (Hobsbawn 64). The identification of an individual with a certain ethnicity has a basis on assumed common lineage. Hobsbawn concludes that, where an elite literary or administrative language exists, however a small number of its actual user, it can become an burning(prenominal) element of proto-national cohesion (Hobsbawn 59). The acknowledgment by others as a separate cultural group is a great deal a contributing aspect to developing this link of recognition. Religion brings people to a common belief system. This is attributable to customs and beliefs that unite people and keep them at peace. Hobsbawn argues that, religion is paradoxical cement for proto-nationalism and and so for modern nationalism (Hobsbawn 64). Ethnic groups are often united by universal culture, basis of sociable integration, social change, as well as the social control. It directs people towards a certain direction. It also provides conditions and restrictions that service of process to limit peoples behavior. Therefore, people are limited in their actions because no entity is supposed to

Assessment Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Assessment Assignment - Essay ExampleHere we will be critically analysing the effectivity of this planning, teaching, evaluation and assessment bicycle with reference to the current assessment theory. Also we will discuss the portion of a teaching assistant in assessment process. We will learn about various methods for assessing childrens work such as verbal questioning, marking, setting homework, observing, peer and self assessment, using both formative and summative assessments. readiness Teaching Evaluation Assessment Cycle This cycle of Planning, Teaching, Evaluation and Assessment is a standard which most school administrators want their teachers to follow. Now this complete cycle can either be executed after being only programmed first or alternatively each step of this cycle can be planned and executed one by one. Previous method will be more successful in teaching higher grade students and latter will prove utilizable in teaching younger lot. It is obvious that for ef fective teaching this cycle has to be dynamic in nature and needs to be constantly updated as per the learning requirements of kids which become clearer after every assessment.Cairney opines (Cairney, 1995161) that completely pre-planned programme is restrictive because If one adopts an approach to teaching that consists of a cycle of planning, teaching, assessment and evaluation and face then one must be open to changes to the teaching programme and be prepared to beat constant adjustments to meet the changing need of learners. Every step / phase of this cycle governs the other steps.Planning This phase is the most important one as it gives you the way to walk on. Although Cairney stresses (Cairney, 1995161) that there is no outstrip format for planning or programming, and hence teachers should develop their own style that suits their needs. So every teacher needs to develop his / her own way of planning keeping some key

Henry Fayols Legacy And Contribution To The Management Science Assignment

total heat Fayols Legacy And Contribution To The Management Science - Assignment theoretical accountHe therefore developed commission ideas through personal experience as Chief Executive, and wrote elements of brass in Administration Industriele et Generale, which was published in 1961 (Wren & Bedeian 2009). Abilities that he felt were essential in a private instructor include physical, mental and moral qualities, general education, and specialized knowledge and experience (Wren & Bedeian, ). The absence of management prep in schools made Fayol see the need for management theory and identified fourteen principles of management (Fayol). He was a French management theorist. He was one of the most influential contributors to fresh concepts of management, having formulated tail fin primary functions of management- planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating and controlling ( Fayol). Henri Fayol is generally referred to as the Father of Modern Management theory (George, 146),in insure of his extraordinary and revolutionary input to administrative management. Indeed, he is to administrative management while what Taylor is to scientific management. He later died in 1925 in Paris France. History of management acquaintance The management historians trace backbone the early origin of management and their pioneer ideas, which is the foundation of our novel formative thinking, its founders as well as well their contributions in the dramatic art d of management. As noted by early scholars such as McMahon and Carr (28), there is an increasing distance between the student and scholars of at toast and early scholars such as Henry Fayol among others. Through a critical examination of early biographies and early accounts, the relationship between the early and todays management thought is established. In this case, we may gain a more complete spirit of own intellectual, reflections, and study of those of who have gone before and continue to study from the past as it forms the kick in (Bedeian) One such scholar is a Henry Fayol, who is thought as being the father of modern management science. As noted in Charles de Freminville, a synopsis of Fayols and Taylors thinking is explored. In this paper the modern management science is examined and its contribution to the modern field of management. It studies some of his theories, procedures, tools and techniques and it affect the modern management thought amongst scholars and student of management. His legacy and thoughts are unearthed to bring to light the dynamics of management and how the present scholars have been refined or been altered it. There is need to distinguish between management science and arts and note the difference and this influences the managers roles. As noted, the management as art is older as compared to the management as a science. Henry Fayols contribution to the body of management thought will be explored. Literature review what other have said about Fayol Many models have explained the Henry Fayol and his contributions to the field of management. One such theory is the influence of Fayols work on other scholars in the palm of management. Gullick ( 13 457) have a great impact on public administration. Gullick also found the acronym POSDCORB scoop to describe the executives job. Urwick utilized Fayols writings to promote a functional get down to management in developing his theory of administration and organization. The writings of Fayol have reached the international arena and pointed

The topic for your paper will be Baze v Rees, a Supreme Court hearing Term

The topic for your will be Baze v Rees, a Supreme Court hearing on lethal nip. The question for your 3-4 page - Term Paper ExampleFirst and foremost, the main argument on the part of the Bazes impartialityyers was that sodium thiopental, the first drug to be given, is likely to be injected improperly devising the petitioners feel an ominous pain before the final death provoked by the second and the third base drugs, pancuronium bromide and potassium chloride (Supreme Court, 2008). It is a precedent to appeal to the 8th Amendment. The idea is that this prescription to the paramount law document of the US judicial carcass gives ground to consider causing pain as an despotic step within the law system and dandy punishment at large. Insofar, the 8th Amendment states as deciphers unwarranted bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted (U.S. Constitution - Amendment 8, 2010, p. 1). Thus, the Constitution provides a incident background to justify the case of Baze v. Rees. Thus, an unconstitutional administration of lethal injection had become the main dissertation by the petitioners both convicted in double homicide stating that there is the risk of exposure that the protocols terms great power not be properly followed, resulting in significant pain (Mandery, 2011, p. 483). ... There were different arguments to make much(prenominal) a conclusion. First of all, cruel and unusual punishments are those inflicted for the sake of the punishment and pain, in particular. Thereupon, lethal injection does not presuppose disembowelment, torture, beheading, burning alive or some substantial risk going apart(predicate) from pitying procedures regarding capital punishment. To say more, three justices had a concurrent require that following the case Gregg v. Georgia, 428 U. S. 153, capital punishment complies with the constitutional norms Because some risk of pain is inherent in even the most humane executio n method, if only from the prospect of error in following the required procedure, the Constitution does not ask the avoidance of all risk of pain (Supreme Court, 2008, p. 1). This is the standpoint supported by the majority of the Court. It makes a blotto assumption that has nothing to do with the precedent of Wilkerson v. Utah, 99 U. S. 130 (Supreme Court, 2008). Nonetheless, petitioners overall claim of the substantial risk in case of improper following the administration of the lethal injection encountered another counter claim by the Court. In this respect the minimal risk is imposed while mixing the death cocktail, and it is a generally accepted fact which suggests manufacturers thiopental package insert instructions to be clear to follow even by a newbie (Supreme Court, 2008). The alternative proposed by the petitioners did not correspond to the humane disposition of the 8th Amendment. As a matter of fact barbiturate-only protocol used primarily by the veterinarians to enj oin animals to sleep was not acceptable in this respect (Supreme Court, 2008). It would definitely go apart with the federal system of capital

In your opinion, would having different times for different ages to Essay

In your opinion, would having different convictions for different ages to Trick-or-Treat be a good idea, why or why not - Essay modelHowever, the worship, anxiety and to the extreme trauma caused by these images to the young children has raised recent discussions on the means of step-down their impact on these children. Arguments raised in objection of the treat-or-treat these images may be very disturbing to the children, as they exposes the children to all types of frightening characters. As a suggestion therefore, some people propose age and time restr4ictions to these events. The argument hold that the young should go on the door to door trick-or-treat visit archean in the day, while the juveniles wait until later in the night to showk their treat. Personally, I do not hypothesize this will solve any problem due to a number of reasons, as expressed in this essay. The argument appears to disobey the very meaning of the event, Halloween. Additionally, the children, whether indoors or out of doors, weednot avoid the images of Halloween as they can see them anyway. Finally, It is not the treat associated with Halloween that is the biggest fun, and largely, some children do not need the treat anyway. In fact, most the teenagers who condition part hope to miss the candy and the goodies, for them to do their trick. As such, it is the fun, the eerie liveing presented by the horrific images, and the fear that teenagers instil on other people with their grooming that is the greatest fun. What is the main reason for dressing in such attire if not to create fear and anxiety? Some of the costumes that children put on cost a fortune, one that the candy and the goodies cannot repay. Choosing to dress in the scariest and horrifying costumes, the children hope to have as much fun as they can. After all, this is an annual festival. Therefore, a policy that seeks to separate children and teenagers into different groups would botch the much fun that Halloween of fers. The children choose their most convenient time to go for the treat-or-trick event. When they feel ready to go, they jaunty their parents, who tag along and take care of them, especially by providing security. Therefore, Halloween is an optional event only the enkindle people take part in. They stay indoors, protecting their children from the trauma and the anxiety created by the images. By creation not a mandatory festival, most of the parents who wish not to take part in the Halloween direct their goodies and candy at their gate or doorstep, where the Halloween children would find them and leave without any tricks or showing their Halloween costumes. Those who feel that the event causes too much fear, anxiety, and trauma to their children should adopt this method of protecting their children, instead of spoiling the complete event. Further, such parents can, if their children want to take part in the event, decide to let them take part early in the day, and by evening le t them in to avoid the images caused by Halloween. Children, whether indoors or outdoors cannot avoid the Halloween images completely. Being indoors, other children seeking for a treat have to visit their homes. Children, with their curiosity can peep through the windows to see the Halloween costumes that other children have put on. This way, they can see them, therefore creating the fear and anxiety in them. Outdoors, there are countless billboards and posters, as well as live advertisements of Halloween parties in

Short Stories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Short Stories - Essay ExampleLouise Mallard is envisioned as a delicate individual as a result of her heart condition who seems to be in a happy marriage with her husband. Her ability to accept the bad news concerning her husbands death and her need to be alone in order to deal with it shows that she is non only a strong woman, but also one who prefers her independence. The thoughts that she has about her husband are based on their dangerous times that they had together and the love that he openly showed her. Her memories of these events lead her to sob over his death because she realizes that her intent is never going to be the same. As she is weeping for her husband, Louise looks at the sky and sees it covered with clouds that have patches of dark-skinned showing through with(predicate). The clouds symbolize the grief through which she is undergoing and the patches of blue in the sky are used to show the hope that she will be able to move on and come to enjoy her life than she had before.However, Louise also starts thinking of the potential freedom that she is going to have as a result of her husbands death. She comes to realize that she no longer has to live according to the whims of her husband but in her own foothold a realization that allows her to het over her grief swiftly. Louise comes to have hope in her life and this is through her belief that because she is still young, she has a long time in which to live the way she wants. This belief in her new found freedom is a reflection of her possibly having been in a marriage that did not make her happy even though her husband love her. This is exemplified through the statement And yet she had loved himsometimes, one that shows that she might not have married for love but out of convenience.This account statement ends up being ironical because despite Louises expectation to live the rest of her life in her new found freedom, she is not able to accomplish her dreams. This is because in her husband ends up being hot and well and when she sees

Delayed ischemia due to cerebral vaso spasm post operate subarachnoid Essay

Delayed ischemia due to cerebral vaso spasm post melt down subarachnoid haemorrh progress clipping - Essay ExampleThis disease mostly strike at fairly untested age and proved to be fatal. Its effects be similar to the cerebral infarction or intracerebral hemorrhage. Diagnosis and acute management of the subarachnoid represents a great challenge to the neurologists, neurosurgeons, interventions radiologists and intensivists. In this case study we snap the factors that are involved in the subarachnoid hemorrhage and their relation with the delayed ischemia that is occur because of the cerebral vasospasm. In this study we also evaluate the role of the practitioners regarding to this disease. In most of the population the incidence of subarachnoid hemorrhage is 6-7 individuals per 100, 000 persons in a year. Incidence of subarachnoid hemorrhage increases with the age. Their risk factors are smoking, constant or excessive alcohol pulmonary tuberculosis and hypertension. In the patie nts who have positive family history for subarachnoid hemorrhage, the average age at which the disease strikes to them is younger age than in patients with the sporadic subarachnoid hemorrhage. So, genetic factors also play significant role in this disease. Factors that are involved in the rupture of the arachnoid membrane are very complex it happens because of the sudden increase in trans mural arterial pressure, activities such as exercise, straining and intercourse are reported as 20% necessary factor in the prevalence subarachnoid hemorrhage (Zentner, et al., 1996). The main characteristic symptom of subarachnoid hemorrhage is the extend ache. This head ache is different from the normal head ache that usually occurred in individuals in their insouciant r discoverine life due to extensive hard work. Head ache usually last 1- 2 weeks and sometime longer and of very high intensity. Vomiting is also the characteristic of this disease but it is non distinctive one because it also occurred in the patients of non-hemorrhagic. Focal neurological deficits occur when an aneurysm compresses a cranial nerve or bleeds into the brain parenchyma or from focal ischemia due to acute vasoconstriction immediately aft(prenominal) aneurysmal rupture. Sometimes, therefore, the clinical manifestations of a ruptured aneurysm are indistinguishable from a stroke syndrome from cerebral infarction. fetch up or part third-nerve palsy is a well-recognized sign afterwards rupture of aneurysms, mostly of the internal carotid artery at the origin of the posterior communicating artery (Wartenberg, et al., 2006). Systematic feature which are associated with the subarachnoid hemorrhage are sever hypertension, hypoxemia and electrocardiographic changes which can mimic the myocardial infarction and lead to erroneous examinations and treatments. The first-class honours degree investigation if the subarachnoid hemorrhage is suspected is CT scan. Their detection depends on the amount of bl ood that leaked into the subarachnoid space. The indication of mental process in patients of subarachnoid hemorrhage can be done if the overall medical condition of the patient is out of control, like aneurysm size and location, accessibility of the aneurysm for surgical repair, and presence or absence of thrombus, are also important (Wartenberg, et al., 2006). Cerebral vasospasm is the intensive and prolonged vasoconstriction of the large conducting arteries in the subarachnoid space that is initially surround by the clot. The further narrowing of the vessels develop gradually over the first few days after the aneurysmal ruptur

Women Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Women - Essay Example equivalence refers to the state where individuals living in a confederacy are free from the discrimination at all the levels. However, the discrimination and its various components are subject to continuous change with respect to time, knowledge, experience and understanding of people. This indicates that things which were acceptable for a particular society few years back might not be appreciable in the current circumstances. allows talk about women and their social status which was limited to the domestic work few decades before. payable to this they were substantially facing equality issues. But today the modern human society does not sacrifice any place for such differences and women are no longer bounded to the domestic restrictions. Though women confound entered into the work force, the example opportunities are limited for them and consequently they are often subject to employment base discrimination. According to Abella, equality in employment si gnifies that every individual is given an equal working hazard irrespective of all the innate abilities (Abella Chapter 1 Defining Equality in example, 1984). In the contemporary ground equality in employment has yet another perspective i.e. employees must be treated as per their differences, because if we are ignoring the individual differences for the sake of equality then as per the arguments of Abella, it is also a form of discrimination. in that respect are basically two types of differences, one which arises due to personal actions and policies such as education, financial status, and so on and other is solely based upon the innate characteristics such as gender, ethnic background or disabilities. The last mentioned one can be accommodated through equality in employment. One of the most significant methods to hold employment equality in a workplace is to remove the individual differences based on gender, disability, ethnicity or race because they do not have any accepta ble justification (Abella Chapter 1 Defining Equality in Employment, 1984). In this regard Agocs, Burr and toss have given several remedies which aim the employers to first eradicate the current employment obstacles faced by the disadvantaged groups of the society such as old people, women and other minorities, who need to have an equal employment opportunity without any difference of treatment. Their innate disabilities and dexterity deficiencies must be accommodated. The second most crucial remedy is the surety of prevention from future discrimination. trey remedy focuses on the equal distribution of resources among the workforce regardless of gender, race, ethnicity or disability (Agocs, Burr and Somerset Chapter 1 The State of Art, 1992). The Report of the Royal Commission 1984 has a legislation regarding the equality in employment which considered compulsory employment regulations so as to ensure equal employment opportunity for the disadvantaged groups of the society. In the later part of the second chapter, authors have discussed further solutions that can play an important role in the elimination of discrimination and projection of equal employment opportunities. In this regard we first of all require exploitation a sound understanding of what does inequity means and where does it exist in a workplace. subsequently we need to remove all the barriers for the disadvantaged groups through employment equity programs. Afterwards we necessitate developing smooth access to the jobs with an additional accommodation program which satisfies the needs and requirements of an intensely diverse workforce. Equal Employment opportunity also requires the employers to maintain an ethical and hospitable internal working environment

H.W Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

H.W - endeavor ExampleIn other words, several(prenominal) countries have benefited from the trade in various ways. To begin with, the goods that argon imported may be of lower prices than those produced domestically. Besides, the imported goods often offer advantages other than lower prices much(prenominal) as better quality or design, higher status and technical features among other reasons. In celebrate to this, the paper focuses on the countries that have capitalized on supranational trade and the effects that it has had on their economic growth.The interlocking of the Far East countries in international trade is remarkable. Evidently, countries such as China, Japan and Korea are develop and expanding at a very fast rate. The fast expansion and development is attributed to international trade. It is worth noting that, since the start of economic reforms and the adoption of the open door policy, international trade has resulted in the dramatic growth of a number of countries , China being one of them. The integration of China as a country into the world(a) economy has been attributed to its sustained economic growth in the recent years. It has become a darling to several countries in Europe and in Africa due to its investment programs and the visions it has as a country. The exportation and importation of goods ensured that approximately of the industries in China had comparative advantages in terms of the level of specialization (Reuvid & Sherlock, 2011). Additionally, international trade has helped achieve a high growth rate of GDP in China, as well as an ample inflow of hard currency and a dramatic increase in the employment opportunities that have clothed the high population. Just like the neighbouring countries such as Japan, Chinas participation in international trade has also contributed to the improvement in productivity of domestic industries and

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Assignment ExampleIntroduction An brass can be analysed through with(predicate) various perspectives ranging from bureaucratic, contingency, cultural and political perspectives. Organization bureaucracy is witnessed both in private and public governments depending on their structure and the culture. The system of bureaucracy is evident in DHL and it from part of the do itment structure and culture since it is a big firm with lots of activities carried on daily basis. Organizational culture can be considered as the basis for administration since each organization as its own set of rules that determine its behaviour. Every organization has their own unique cultures that are applied in their daily applications to achieve their aims and objectives. A proper organizational structure ensures that there is a smooth coordination and supervision of activities within the organization that hasten the performance of the organization (Spencern, 2010). The structure also acts as the foundati on in which the standard operational procedures and routines are managed and determines which individuals participate in the decision making process. What is an organization? An organization is a mechanism for coordination actions of people in order to give something they desire by creating value .The vision of the confederacy is to be a logistic company in the world, in their mission statement the company strives to simplify the life of customers and to make customers, employees and investor more successful. They make a positive contribution to the people around the by demonstrating utmost respect go achieving results (DHL, 2013b). The headquarters for DHL UAE is strategically located in Dubai since it is a world premier transhipment hub of the midpoint East. The trade link amongst China and the Middle East increased to 190 billion dollars in 2010 and DHL is enjoying being part of the shipment and other think logistics. This paper analyses DHL Company in terms of contingency, cultural, bureaucracy and political perspective in order to interpret their operations fully. What is the importance of the organization? The importance of the organization is to increase specialization and division of labour while using large-scale technology and proper external environment management. DHL in the UAE is a subsidiary of DHL worldwide express, a fast growing company in the enormous growth that is expected to continue in the near future (DHL, 2013c). The HR Department in collaboration with other departments is responsible for recruiting all the employees raddled from various backgrounds to provide the division of labour needed by the company. Administration and compensation benefits are the smart growing areas of the HR department in the UAE Company. The salaries are being streamlined to match the regional standards of the company in order to minimize spending. The medical benefits, the employee leave, car allowance that was previously administered in ad-hoc basis are now formalized to bring them to regional guidelines. What is organization theory? This is the study of how organizations functions and how they affect and are in turn affected by the environment in which they operate. The requirements of organization theory are that managers select and manage aspects of structure and culture of the company in

Cause and Effect Technology Essay Example for Free

Ca implement and Effect engineering science EssayTechnology continues to gift progress every single day in society. Schools, the workplace, and even homes adjudge advanced so much over the past twenty years. As applied science starts to take over every myopic part of peoples lives, some new advances whitethorn end up as the nigh big thing and others may slowly destroy the ways of human life. First, applied science in schools, which remove adapted so some new advances in even the last five years. A defecate of increased use of engineering science in classrooms could be the pull to do better with the resources they were given. This potentiometer ternary to three consequences such as a cheating, easier access to information, and they could even use technology as a sort of tutor. Second, the workplace has adapted to entirely the new technologies maybe even faster than schools. Businesses search for a more productive way to run their operations. The increased usage of technology in the workplace has a very stark outcome which usu all in all in ally manifests in stress.Three causes of the stress in the workplace could be due to technology such as malfunctions, job insecurity, and certain medical issues when the employees use the technology all the prison term. Last, these new technologies even have tried to make life at home simpler for every match little. Things may look like they argon there to help you, but in the long run these new techniques may end up turning out poorly. Since the new technology has been brought about, there ar more ways to find a recipe than erect looking in a cookbook that was found in the kitchen cupboard. This may end up in obesity for in the long run and may non even see it coming. The effects of the increased usage of technology has ca apply the way people live their lives at school, at work, and at home to change drastically.As more schools tend to adapt to the technology shudder there has been an increase of discussion about whether the advances of technology in theclassroom help the students learn better, or if it distracts them from actually doing the work themselves. These types of improvements increase the pressure of succeeding academically. One result of the growing amount of pressure on a student is that children are subject to use technology as a tutor. Whether it is used as an educational social media to connect peers together outside of school, or even just entirely being able to go to a search engine and gain the same knowledge that could be learned in the classroom.The internet is a great tutor if the resources are used properly. Another fork of the flourishing amount of pressure put on a student because of the increased use of technology in classrooms is that information is far more accessible than before. Due to the mass amount of information available, everything is one click away. With the use of tablets, students are able to practically hold an entire encyclopedia s et in their hands. The third effect of the increase of pressure among students is the fact that academic dishonesty is too short. Since it is so easy to gather information from other sources besides your own head when you are stuck, this can lead to dangerous temptations of cheating in school.Workplace stress is a serious consequence that employees experience because of the increased use of technology in businesses. One discernment stress is created at work, related to the escalating use of technology, is due to technical malfunctions. When technology does not work correctly, employees can lose important data, miss deadlines, and slow down production. This can not only have harmful effects, but become a waste of time. Another reason stress is created in the workplace is due to job insecurity. Technology is able to do jobs that more efficiently and at a cheaper cost than what a human would do. Since the increased use of technology, robots are now able to perform simple tasks with no mistakes like the assembly line, to more complex situations like medical procedures.Companies turn in thousands of dollars by making the transition to robots. This creates stress on employees seeing the possibility of jobs being replaced by a robot. The last cause of this stress is the risk of medical injuries. Technology may be able to constrict some medical risks that employees had with their job, but now there are medical conditions that are arising because of the technology that workers use. Since companies are starting to use more robots, they do notknow what is going on at all times besides they are programmed what to do. Any incident could happen at any second because the robots do not stop unless a human presses a button to make them stop.The increased use of technology at home has been a blessing. Senior citizens and other adults that were not once used to technology, now are using it more than ever. For example, with the increasing use of technology, cookbooks are alm ost at the point of extinction. Before, when families wanted to make a new recipe for dinner, they had to get all of their cookbooks out and try to make their own recipe. This has all became simpler due to the internet. Practically any recipe can be found on the internet today. Although many recipes are so accessible, finding the perfect one may be difficult, which leads to frustration.They may not have the exact ingredients needed to make the meal or may not want to take the time to create a dinner for the family. Therefore, the outcome of someone becoming frustrated with technology could result in fast food or take-out options. Since technology has become so advanced, food can be consistent online and delivered to the door. This would cause people to become much lazier. Technology then could become the staring point of obesity. instead of families going out and getting the food, or going out to the store and getting the ingredients for the meal they just get on the computer and order their unhealthy choices, which could lead to obesity, due to the convinces of technology, and creates a lack of exercise.Overall, technology has become a great tool for everyone and has helped paved the way to success for many. Sometimes technology does not work the way it is supposed to and causes problems to arise. But luckily, technology is slowly becoming more useful and less of a hassle. Whether technology is used at school, work, or home it has changed the way people live their lives dramatically.

African Americans health disparities Essay Example for Free

African Americans health disparities EssayIn 2011, the diagnosis rate for human immunodeficiency virus cases in the United States was 15. 8 per 100,000 population and 60. 4 among Blacks. Of 197,090 diagnoses of human immunodeficiency virus-infection from 2008- 2011, Blacks/African Americans accounted for ?47% OF THE TOTAL ?64% OF WOMEN ?66% OF INFECTIONS ATTRIBUTED TO HETEROSEXUAL CONTACT ?67% OF CHILDREN, AGES 13 In 2010, the death rate for blacks was higher (25. 0 per 100,000) compared with all other racial ethnicity group (3. 0 whites). Blacks represented 49% of all deaths with HIV in 2010.A recent study showed that blacks diagnosed with HIV are less likely than other groups to be linked to care, kept up(p) in care, receive antiretroviral treatwork forcet and achieve adequate viral suppression. African American Males African American men accounted for 42% of HIV cases diagnosed among men in 2011. A majority (72%) of African American men with HIV undertake the disease by m ale to male contact while 19% contracted HIV through heterosexual exposure. African American Females Among African American women, high risk heterosexual contact was the most frequently cited mode of transmission, accounting for 89% of cases diagnosed in 2011.More Information ?HIV/AIDS TOPIC SITE ?HIV/AIDS AND AFRICAN AMERICANS ?HIV/AIDS STATISTICS AND SURVEILLANCE sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) Gonorrhea In 2010, 69% of all reported cases of gonorrhea occurred among blacks. The rate of gonorrhea among blacks in 2010 was 432. 5 cases per 100,000 population, which was 18. 7 propagation the rate among whites (23. 1).This disparity has changed little in recent years. This disparity was large for black men (22.2 generation) than for black women (16. 2 times). Chlamydia In 2010, the overall rate among blacks in the United States was 1,167. 5 cases per 100,000, a 4. 0% increase from the 2009 rate of 1,122. 2 cases per 100,000. The rate of chlamydia among black women was over seven times the rate among white women (1,536. 5 and 205. 1 per 100,000 women, respectively). The chlamydia rate among black men was almost 11 times the rate among white men (761. 8 and 69. 9 cases per 100,000 men, respectively). Syphilis.

Scheme of Instruction, Examination and Syllabus Essay Example for Free

Scheme of Instruction, Examination and Syllabus EssayNOTE EHM indicates that the course is drafted by the surgical incision of Humanities. EME indicates that the course is drafted by the Department of Mechanical technology. ECE indicates that the course is drafted by the Department of Electronics and Communication technology. EEE indicates that the courses is drafted by Department of Electrical engineer. EEM indicates that the courses is drafted by technology mathematics Department. EEP indicates that the course is drafted by Engineering physical science Department ECE 320 Soft Skills is common for all BranchesENG 1001 ENGLISH I Credits 2 Periods Theory tutorial / laboratory 2 1 Exam Hrs. 3 Sessional tag 30 Exam tag 70 get along Marks 100The emphasis on English Language is enormously increasing as an legal medium of communication in all sectors the World over. As a consequence of this, the acquisition of efficient communication skills in English has become most importa nt to the students to flourish in their careers. In this confederacy there is a need to train the students to equip themselves with the necessary skills required for effective communication in English thereby enabling them to get a good placement immediately after the accomplishment of their under-graduate courses. To meet the objectives of developing proficiency in English communication the following curriculum is designed for social consideration.CURRICULUM speculation AND PRACTICE (LANGUAGE LAB) 1. A textbook with focus on skills approach. Intended to develop the verbiage skills of Listening, Speaking, Reading writing. 2. Vocabulary a) One Word Substitution b) Words often Confused Pairs of Words c) Synonyms and Antonyms d) unknown Phrases e) Phrasal verbs derived from the following dynamic verbs Go, Get, Run, Take, Look, Hold, Put, Stand, Etc. f) Idioms and Phrases 3. Grammar a) Error Analysis b) Tense c) Voice d) Concord e) Articles and Prepositions 4. Writing Skills a) Prcis Writing b) Note Making c) Letter Writing (Letters of Enquiry, Invitation, Regret, Congratulations, Condolences, Complaint, Breaking the ice.)d) Reading Comprehension e) content Writing Paragraph Writing and Essay Writing Practice (Language Lab) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Spoken English Varieties Speech appliance The consonant and vowel sounds of English Word Accent Accent in Connected Speech beat and Intonation conversationTextbook Prescribed Select essays and short stories from Srivastava, B., and Mahesari, V.K. (Ed.) Modes of English Prose (An Anthology of prose selections). Reference Books 1. Sharma, G.V.L.N., English for Engineering Students. 2. Margaret M Maison, Examine your English, Macmillan 3. Krishnaswami, N. and Sriram, T., Current English for Colleges, Macmillan 4. Krishnaswami, N. and Sriram T., Creative English for Communication, Macmillan.ENG 1002 MATHEMATICS I Credits 4 Periods Theory Tutorial / Lab 3 Exam Hrs. 3 Sessional Marks 30 Exam Marks 70 Total Mark s 100Partial Differentiation and its Applications Functions of two or more variables, partial derivative derivatives, homogenous functions Eulars Theorem, Total Derivative, Differentiation of implicit functions, Geometrical interpretation Tangent plane and ordinary to a surface. Change of variables, Jacobians, Taylors theorem for functions of two variables, Jacobians, Taylors theorem for functions of two variables, Errors and approximations, Total differential, Maxima and minima of functions two variables, Lagranges rule of undetermined multiples, Differentiation under the integral sign Leibnitz Rule, Involutes and evolutes. Multiple Integrals and their Applications bivalent integrals, Change of order of integration, Double integrals in polar coordinates, Areas enclosed by plane curves, Triple integrals, Volume of solids, Change of variables, Area of a curve of a curved surface, tally of mass, center of gravity, center pressure, Moment of inertia, Product of inertia, Princip le axes, genus Beta function, Gamma function, Relation between Beta and Gamma functions, Error function or probability integral. square(p) Geometry (Vector Treatment)Equation of a plane, Equation of straight line, Condition for a line to lie in a plane, Coplanar lines, Shortest distance between two lines, Interaction of three planes, Equation of sphere, Tangent plane to a sphere, Cone, Cylinder, Quadric surfaces. Infinite Series Definitions, Convergence, Divergence and oscillation of a serial publication, General properties, Series of positive terms, resemblance tests, Integral test, DAlemberts ratio test, Raabes test, Logarithmic test, Cauchys root test, Alternating series Leibnitzs rule, Series of positive or negative terms, Power series, Convergence of exponential, Logerithmic and bionomial series, Uniform convergence, Weirstrass M-test, Properties of uniformly convergent series.Fourier Series Eulars formulae, Conditions for a Fourier expansion, Functions having point of disco ntinuity, Change of interval, Odd and regular functions Expansions of odd or even periodic function, Half range series, Parseval formula, Practical harmonic analysis. Textbooks Higher Engineering mathematics by B.S. Grewal maths for Engineering by Chandrica Prasad Reference Books Higher Engineering Mathematics by M.K. Venkatraman Advanced Engineering Mathematics by Erwin KreyzigTextbooks Theory of Matrices by Shantinarayanan Higher Engineering Mathematics by B.S. Grewal Advanced Mathematics for Engineering Students, Manieavachgon Pillay, Ramanaiah Reference Books Higher Engineering Mathematics by M.K. Venkataraman Advanced Engineering Mathematics by Erwin Kreyozig Engineering Mathematics by P.P. Gupta A textbook on Engineering Mathematics by N.P. BaliENG 1004 PHYSICS THEORY Credits 4 Thermodynamics Heat and work, First justness of thermodynamics and applications, Reversible and irreversible process, Carnot cycle and efficiency, Entropy, Second law of thermodynamics, Entropy and disorder, Entropy and Probability, Third law of thermodynamics, Thermography and its applications. Electromagnetism Concept of electric car field Point chill in electric field, Dipole in an electric field, Gauss law, Some applications, Electric potential and field strength, say-so due to a point charge and dipole. Magnetic field Magnetic force on current, crookedness on current loop, Hall effect, Amperes law, B near a long wire, B for a solenoid and toroid, The Biot-Savarts law, B for a circular current loop. Faradays law of induction, Lenzs law, Calculation of inductance, L-R circuit, Energy stored in magnetic field, Induced magnetic fields, Displacement current, Energy density in electric and magnetic fields, Poynting vector S. Maxwells equations and electromagnetic waves (both differential and integral forms), Magnetic properties of materials, Paramagnetism, Diamagnetism, Ferromagnetism, Ferrite and its applications.Optics Interference Principles and principle of superposi tion Youngs experiment Coherence Interference of thin films, Wedge shaped film, Newtons rings, Michelson interferometer and its applications. Diffraction Single slit (Qualitative and quantitative treatment). Polarisation Polarisation by reflection, Refraction and double refraction in uniaxial crystals, Nicol prism, Quarter and half wave plate, circular and elliptical polarization and detection. Lasers and Fibre Optics Spontaneous and stimulated emissions, community inversions, Ruby laser, Gas laser, Semiconductor laser, Applications of lasers. Fibre optics, Optical fibre and total internal reflection, Acceptance go and cone of a fibre, Fibre optics in communications, Optical parts in fibre, Fibre optic sensors. Periods Tutorial / Lab Exam Hrs. 3 Sessional Marks 30 Exam Marks 70 Total Marks 100Theory 3Ultrasonics Production of ultrasonics by magnetostriction and piezoelectric effects Ultrasonics and diffraction pattern, Applications of Ultrasonics. Modern Physics The quantis ation of energy, Photoelectric effect, De Broglie concept of matter waves, uncertainty principle, Schrodinger wave equation, application to a particle in a box. Elementary concepts of Maxwell-Boltzman, Bose-Einsteins and Fermi dirac statics, Fermi dirac distribution function (no derivations), Free electron hypothesis of metals, Band theory of solids, Kronig penny model, Metals, Insulators and Semiconductors, Ferroelectrics and their applications.Super conductivity, Meisner effect, Types of superconductors and applications of superconductors. Nanophase materials Synthesis, Characterization of nanostructured materials, properties and applications. Renewable Energies Solar, Wind and tidal Applications. Books Recommended 1. Engineering Physics by R.K. Gaur and S.D. Gupta 2. Physics by David Halliday and Robert Resnick Part I and Part II 3. Modern Engineering Physics by A.S. Vadudeva 4. University Physics by Young and Freedman 5. Materials Science by V. Rajendra and A. Marikani 6. N onconventional Energy by Ashoke V. Desai

Technology in Reading Comprehension Essay Example for Free

Technology in Reading Comprehension EssayRationaleOver the decades ago, Seymour Papert (1980) wrote Mindstorms and advocated a revolutionary philosophy in which engineering was as seen as a fulfilling two major positions in schooling (a) a heuristic role in which the presence of the computer was seen as a catalyst of emerging ideas and (b) an instrumental role in which the presence of the computer would carry ideas into a world larger than the look centres where they were incubated. When the Childrens Machine was published, Papert (1993) looked rearward over the decade since Mindstorms and asked question, Why through a period when so much human operation has been revolutionized, have we not seen comparable change in the focus we help children learn?Technologys exp mavenntially increasing power, decreasing costs, portability and connectivity have gone beyond what it have been started. Yet, inside classrooms across the country, there is such a problem on how technology is being used for the enhancement of variation comprehension. It is not the unavailability particularly of computers but how they are being used in the classroom discussion. In pedagogy reading, technology is one of the available effective approaches. However, the use of technologies to enhance reading instruction is still its infancy. This reflects that the technological capabilities that are known to have potential in helping children to read, such as computer, have exclusively become sufficiently affordable and available in widespread use. Even though it can maintenance students, effective instruction needs to be interactive.This is Chapter 2REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURERelated litThis chapter looked into the literature and studies about the effects of technology in enhancing reading comprehension. Only few that related to the turn in study are presented in this section. There are researchers standout positive effects of technology in education most especially in the improveme nts of reading comprehension. Some of them are Boster et.al. (2004), Tracey and Young (2006).Technology is the science of industrial arts. It is the making, usage and knowledge of tools, techniques, crafts and systems or methods of organization in order to solve a problem or serve some purposes. (www.wikipedia.com) In addition, technology refers to any valid and reliable process or map that is derived basic research using the scientific method. (Dale, 1969)Technology in education is nudging literacy instruction beyond its oral and print-based tradition to embrace online and electronic text as well as multimedia. Computers are creating new opportunities for typography and collaborating. The internet is constructing global bridges for student to communicate, underscoring the need for rock-solid reading and writing skills. By changing the way that information is absorbed, processed and used, technology is influencing the people how to read, write, listen and communicate. (www.wikiped ia.com) Chapter 3METHODOLOGYThis chapter contains the methods and process used in the study. These are the research design subject of the study research locale data gathering procedure data gathering instrument and the statistical discourse.Research DesignThe research method used in this study was the two- grouping post sieve- only randomized experiment. In design notation, it has two lines one for each group with an R at the beginning of each line to indicate that the groups were randomly assigned. One group gets the treatment or program (the X) and the other group is the comparison group and doesnt get the program.Subjects of the Study both groups were involved in this study. These two groups were all fourth year students of BCNHS (Bislig City National High School) viz. Roca- IV and Depay-IV both have 25 students. The research conducted during their English class session from Monday- Friday at 800 900 in the morning, respectively during the Second Quarter period of the schoo l year 2011-2012.Chapter 4PRESENTATION, DISCUSSION, depth psychology AND INTERPRETATION OF DATAThis chapter presents and discusses the results of the study. The Part I includes the scores and interpretations of scores from the control and experimental groups Part II is the discussion of the difference of the scores between control and experimental groups and Part III is on the correlation test of hypothesis. Table 1Rating Scale of the Fourth Year High School Students gobsScores1-101-15InterpretationDescription9-1013-15Highly FavorableThe scores of the respondents army very high result through the use of high technology 7-810-12FavorableThe scores of the respondents show high result through the use of high technology 5-67-9Moderately FavorableThe scores of the respondents show hunky-dory result through the use of high technology 3-44-6Less FavorableThe scores of the respondents show less adapted result through the use of high technology 0-20-3Not FavorableThe score of the respon dents do not show satisfactory result through the use of high technologyTable 2 shows the interpretations of the scores of the students by test depending on the level of comprehension. This was used to determine the results of which technology must be used in enhancing reading comprehension.CHAPTER 5SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENTATIONSThis chapter presents the summary, findings, conclusions and recommendations of the study.SummaryThe principal purpose of this study was to determine the effects of technology in enhancing reading comprehension of the fourth year students of Bislig City National High School. The study utilized two sections of the fourth year students population. On section was chosen as the experimental group and the other one was the control group. Both groups were given a posttest with the same reading text and types of test Test I- inquire and Answer (10 items) Test II- Vocabulary Test (10 items) Test III- Depth of Meaning (15 items) and Test IV- Logical conclu sion (15 items).The researchers introduced to the experimental group the high technology using Microsoft Power auspicate through Power Point Presentation with pictures. The control group used the traditional way through pen and paper test.The research specifically answered the following questions 1.What are the effects of using technology in reading comprehension? 1.1. What changes testament occur on the reading comprehension of the students when exposed with technology?

Alternative Energy Sources Essay Example for Free

Alternative Energy Sources EssayScientist cook been on a keen locomote for geezerhood (especially in the 21st century) for a better and much efficient substance to harness heftiness, that does non pose a negative impact on our environment. Many paths buzz off been explored and a few of them ar Tidal Power, Solar Windows, Nuclear Waste, flitting Wind Farms, and Nuclear fusion. In my research I have found some of these authors to be more practical than others. However, they all contain the potential to be bombastic scaled and put into effect if not in the near future tense then in the nonadjacent future. A few that I wanted to key in on is Tidal Power, Solar Windows, and transitory Wind Farms.Why is it necessary for us to look into alternative sources? Well it is because in our current speckle we are polluting our environments with harmful substances that can have long lasting impacts. Not only does these substances affect the benignant life barely also the wild life. That is only one aspect of need in our world. another(prenominal)(prenominal) aspect would be in third world countries. Cheap and efficient ways to harness fountain will bring many of these countries out of poverty and into wealth, benefiting us all.Tidal causation is the process of harnessing the energy from waves in the sea/ocean. This idea was at one point highly sought out for. However, as wind turbines started to come into the picture this idea was put aside and neglected for a few years. belatedly this idea has been getting more attention and has been resurfacing as an engineer with the variant force has created a way to harness theoretically 99% of its energy (as opposed to the 50% it was getting a few years ago). In past cast offs drag was the main element used to capture the energy. The new method from the air force engineer uses lift instead of drag which gave him higher results in the end. I can strongly see this source of energy playing a big part in powerin g our homes day in and day out.Solar Windows is a higher level of solar panels. A recent break-through in quantum continue solar technology enables solar panels to act as transparent windowpanes. When this technology becomes available to the public, every windowin every metropolitan building (highly efficient) to every household can be equipped to power itself. In the Past four years itself the US has increased its solar capacity by five hundred% in seeing its potential for an avenue in clean energy source. So this is yet another source that I strongly believe and trust will have an impact on our environment.Flying Wind Farms comprised of Buoyant Air Turbines (BAT) is an interesting topic. It involves a blimp and a wind turbine fused unneurotic to get into higher altitudes (1000-2000 ft) to get stronger and more consistent winds. Not only is the energy harnessed but also this blimp will also act as a double to provide Wi-Fi in a larger scale. It is predetermined that the entire t ower based wind farms will be replaced by BAT. These Bat devices are capable of retracting and extending in altitude as it senses the wind pressure getting in like manner strong or too weak. The wind turbines were initially considered a hoax but now have taken the industry by storm. In saying that I do see a future for this innovation. However, I do not see it being accomplished in the near future.Overall my understanding is that there are many ways to harness renewable energy, however, some will be more efficient than the others. In the short list that I presented I see the Tidal power project having the greatest capacity to be seen in the near future. It is also one of the most efficient forms of stash away energy as it can collect up to 99% of the tidal energy. This will be great for a large scale like powering entire cities. However, for an average consumer look to power their homes then I would point them to the Solar Windows as soon as they arrive in the market, because th ey provide an energy source without having to sacrifice appeal of the home. As regular solar panels tend to be bulky and weird looking sitting on the top of the roofs. As scientists and engineers look for alternative energy sources lets provide our support by simply accepting the fact that there is a need for all these alternative energy sources.

What Literacy Means to Me Essay Example for Free

What Literacy Means to Me EssayWhat literacy means for me and the impact that it has had on my life. Literacy refers to the top executive to read for knowledge, compile coherently, and think critically about the written word. The primary sense of literacy still represents the lifelong, capable process of gaining meaning from a critical interpretation of the written or printed text. Key to all literacy is translation get downment, a progression of skills that begins with the ability to understand spoken words and decode written words, and culminates in the deep understanding of text. Literacy is taught through parents by making reading to your child a regular part of your routine schedule, serious as my mother did when I was younger. She would read both early readers and chapter books to me. When reading, she would point to the words as she said them and read slowly. This allowed me to read along with her. Once she noticed that I understood certain words, such as the wor d the, my mother would let me say that word a few times when it appears in the story. This method taught me to be quite an advanced reader by the age of 5 and was heading into kindergarten.The comment of literacy is a difficult one to answer. When the word literacy comes to mind I think of it first in radical terms of just being able to read, but I know it contains more elements of being just able to read. In my mind literacy as a whole defines the relationship that people have with writings. alone like the way my mother taught me the love of reading, which has continued to grow as Ive aged and encouraged me to develop a love for chapter books and the stories depicted in them.I find myself becoming engrossed in these stories and sometimes even comparing them to my own life experiences. Literacy as a whole means the relationship with various types of literature and how well people can comprehend them. There is the basic standard of literacy which would be reading. whence the ne xt step would be how well the reader could comprehend what is being read. Understanding the words written and know most of their meaning. After that it would be how well the reader could analyze the text.The next step from there would be if the writer could then analyze the text well enough to point out anomalies, binaries, patterns, strands, and any(prenominal) repetition that the literature being read may have. After the interpretation of reading and understanding the literature one should be able to write about it. When writing on the literature the reader should be able to communicate clear decisive thoughts about the text that isnt already spelled out in the literature. With a sharp foc intentd analytical claim.This shows that the reader understood the literature and is capable of translating it to others without retelling the literature that has already been read. For me literacy is very important and has a really strong impact in my life. When I was a baby I remember my mo ther always telling me the more you know the better it is. I neer really understood what she meant nor did I pay that much attention. Society has proven time and time again, it get out reward those individuals who are competent and impede those who are not, whether expressed in terms of employment opportunities or just on a social level.One needs look no further than their unremarkable activities in order to realize how important literacy is. Without adequate literary skills one may not be able to identify on a label the correct amount of medicine to give a child, or read and interpret a sign giving instructions on what to do in case of a fire. These two examples bring perspective to literacys importance. I discovered that I mainly use text or literacy to communicate with others for maintaining family connections or for land related information.I use text or literacy for entertainment as well, but I spend far less time using it for work than I do for entertainment. Overall, I th ink literacy is a very fluid conceptit is ever changing and evolving as we change and as our way of life changes. A generation or two ago, it was barely important to be able to read and write. Now, one must be able to read and write and use technology to be successful in the world. And for this necessary ability, I have my mother to give thanks for all her hard work teaching me these skills as a young child.

Bush Sr & Clinton East Asian Security Approaches Essay Example for Free

crotch hair Sr Clinton vitamin E Asian Security Approaches Essay professorship furnish via a main strategic reappraisal as healthy as continuing below president Clinton unneurotic with the U. S Secretaries of Defense Aspin and Perry. The previous political science tried and it is still trying to come into good groundwork with domestic pres certain(a)s. It wants a calm dividend as well to adapt what the U. S has been al moods doing strategic ally to military position moth-eaten war circumstances in a safe plus cautious way. All of this assists in helping to keep alive the rationales behind a get together States symmetric security relationship with its northeastern Asian allies. Regard slight of these echoes of the cold war, there is no one who can escape the truth that the cold war is empowerly over and that the Soviet Union does no longer exist. Furthermore, in Northeast Asia, also, the make has emerged to restructure U. S post Cold War alliances in order to make them fit the moments. A re flock of the bilateral alliance relations goes on there has been mounting interest in applying cardinal-part approaches towards the regions issues. The Clinton organisation did not have a well developed vision for what it mean to do in the Asia Pacific region during the time it entered the office.This seems to exactly know how it intended to deal with Asia by putting greater emphasis relatively inside diplomacy as well security on a three-sided means over bilateral venues. During the early Clinton judgeship, inspiration regarding this approach appears to stalk from a bit reluctant admiration for the ways atomic number 34 Asian states have tried to utilize quadrilateral techniques. The successes enjoyed by hatchling economic organizations in Asia such(prenominal) like the Pacific Basin Economic Council, the APEC forum and the Pacific Economic Cooperation Council.In any case, Assistant Secretary of State for eastern hemisphere Asia unitedly with the Pacific personal matters Winston Lord signaled the brass section of Clinton. They signaled because Clinton had an intention of relaxing past United States objections towards five-sidedism. He intended to do this by stating the goal the administration had towards Asia Pacific region. The goal was just to develop the multilateral forums for guard duty consultations while maintaining the interchange foundation of the alliances. chairman Clinton has put more emphasis on the multilateral theme when he accentuate the phrase which was a vernal Pacific community.Winston used this expression earlier on although President Clinton placed it at the center stage internationally. Tokyo gets abstracted by domestic political turmoil. It got preoccupied because the lacquerese seemed to be reluctant to let the well known aspects of their bilateral security go. During the President Clinton administration, was in some manner captivated because of the repayments multilateralism tent to gi ve. The major disparagement of the United States governmental enthusiasm came from PRC.Despite the fact that Chinese suspected the idea, there was no any sign that what the Clinton administration was carrying on amounted to a closet pulp of unilateralism. The prospect for Northeast Asian multilateralism is so challenging. President Clinton, tent to give support concerning multilateral approaches in dealing with the problems of East Asias security. In the earlier administration, multilateralism was refused in support of reliance entirely on the existing bilateral alliances. The good security framework for the region consisted of a fan together with its sensual in Northern America and radiating west across the Pacific.The administration of Clinton reaffirmed the existing security alliances. It called for new equipments multilateral in character which was to supplement the U. S bilateral arrangements in dealing with the present emerging security problems. Washington did not advocate developing new comprehensive agencies, for example the conference on security and cooperation in Asia or the Northeast Asia Treaty Organization at bottom this context. The multilateral agencies are firing to be constructed for specific problems and they will differ in membership and the structure as required repayable to the administration of Clinton.The emphasis on a return towards a more tralatitious approach to a foreign policy in Asia is genuinely a prominence on bilateral and unilateral initiatives against multilateral ones. A larger focus on narrow military security issues over economic together with the marginalization of newer issues such as health and environment. However, there was tension and twist in the bushs administration. The tension was concerning the conflict among the open trade wing of the Republican Party. The tension really emphasizes admission to the markets in promotion of U. S corporate interests.It again emphasized on the more security oriented sept who recognized military threats as the overriding concern of United States policy in the region. As a result, the tension was well-defined in assembly than in the executive branch. Pressure was far above the ground in White House depending on Bushs arrangements to the key economic posts. The pressure was on the treasury, the United States Trade Representatives together with the description of the National Economic Council. Interweave was not similar with traditional realists. Some members of Bushs Asia overseas policy squad saw a responsibility for advancing electoral democracy abroad.They saw it as a way of enhancing the economic welfare along with the safety of the United States within the area. During the Clintons administration, he tried to position rhetorically more emphasis on the two Asia Pacific forums. He again put more emphasis on the Association of randomnesseast Asian Nations Post Ministerial Conference plus the new ASEAN Regional Forum. As far as multilateralism is co ncerned, the Clinton administration expressed a readiness to pay attention in letting nations of the region take root on the regional problems instead of dictating them from Washington.Even if the Clinton administration acted in agreement with these promises they are still not clear. The idea of the President Clintons administration did not become a reality with reference to multilateral agencies in supplementing United States bilateral associations. It intended to give a framework for security dialogue as well as the cooperation. It wanted to do this by offering the potential to redress the most stressing aspects of the present approaches to achieving security objectives in East Asia. Bush has foreign policy advisers who had a significant experience virtually Asia.These advisers really shaped the Bush administration policy towards Asia from the time Bush signified that he had a big personal interest in associations with Latin America and Europe. Relating to the economic issues, t here is a polished difference linking the Clinton administration as well as the Bush administration. Bush seems to be more of an supreme free trader. That means that even the present modest efforts at integrating environmental and labor matters into bilateral trade agreements will not be present from the Bush outline.This fact will be greeted with sighs of replacement between the business leaders together with the regions political leaders. The biggest change under Bushs administration was a greater emphasis on step forwarding the alliances. He wanted to intensify alliances on matters concerning bilateral with Japan, the Philippines, South Korea and Thailand. That created the establishment of the cold war-era security structural design in Asia. Bush noted that people mustiness show the American powers and purpose in supporting Asian people.That meant that they must keep their promise to discourage violent behavior against the Republic of Korea as well as fortify security ties with Japan. That was through expanding theater rocket defenses between their allies. The main motivation for USG participation in East Asia has always been right of entry to the markets of Asia. In one way or the other the Bush administration determined to strengthen the United States and Japan alliance. He intended to strengthen them by encouraging Japan to play a significant role concerning security matters within the region.That includes the redefining assignment of Japans self-defense armed forces as well as paying more of the bills. It is not clear at all that there is support either in the area as a whole or within Japan for Japan to assume a better security task. From chinas opinion, Bushs success raises the view of stronger White House assistance for theatre in addition to nationwide missile protection systems. His success again raises the advanced levels of United States arms supplies to chinaware of which Beijing stubbornly opposes. control board administration gave g reater scope to organized labor than Bush White House.The AFL-CIO did not manage to frustrate the Clinton administration against pursuing trade at no cost with China. Alternatively Japan has been far less pleased with the next term of the Clinton administration compared to China. Japan resented the downgrading of the United States associations as the keystone in Asia. Clintons administration gave acknowledgment on a regular bag to bilateral. He emphasized on U. S and South Korean initiatives within the current cautious steps in the direction of finishing the isolation of North Korea. It is said that President Clinton passed over Japan during his visit to Beijing which was done in the course of study 1998.There are some issues whereby the Bush administration differs drastically with the Clinton administration. It is said that the Clintons administration, there were actually some few foreign policy conquest stories. That was the negotiation of the established structure in the yr 1994. North Korea arranged to chill its thermonuclear plan in trade for the structure of two nuclear reactors as well as fuel oil shipments. During the time when the United States had to follow the guide of South Korean President together with the North, connection eased and pressures on the neck of land were at their depths of hopelessness in memory.During the administration of Bush it really threatened to demoralize the significant development which was made within this area. Congregational republicans over-involved time after time the implementation of the framework. It did this by preserving appropriations, even if South Korea and Japan provided the wonderful bulk of the funds beneath the agreement. There are a good number of rattling crucial continuities among the Clinton as well as the Bush administration concerning East Asian security policy.This should not perplexity as much as the Clinton administration embraced a lot of bedrocks of post cold war East Asian. They inhe rited this from the first Bush administration which was actually based on long time United States interests. It might be surprising if at all there were not permanence across administration for the reason out that the basics of the US security policy within East Asia really transcend administrations. It is very necessary to recall the aforesaid fundamentals of continuity since the Bush foreign policy team came to office.The Clinton administration had already a bad work with virtually every aspect of the East Asian security policy. It might be astonishing if at all there was no permanence within administrations for the reason that the basics of US security policy in East Asia go beyond administrations (Martin, 112). It is very requisite to recall the aforementioned elements of continuity since the Bush foreign policy team appeared to the office. The Clinton administration did not do a good job with virtually every aspect of East Asia security policy.The only way to distinguish the Bush administration with the one for Clinton is that there was a lot of reticent to insist that the core of gravity of United States security policy within East Asia is the coalition with Japan. The Clinton administration was not sure whether China or Japan was significant. it was too preventive in connections with Taiwan even if in fairness, as far as security matters is concerned. The Clinton Defense Department started inquiring very seriously into the state of Taiwans defenses and it also started pressing Taiwan to recover the software characteristic of their defense attitude.Bush administration was too captivated with multilateralism that was unsuitable for the region or had the potential to deteriorate bi-lateral alliances. The administration of Bush had a more customary approach meaning that it is not likely to involve Asia effectively on two wide areas of growing concern. That is global environmental matters for example the climate change, ozone, invasive species and global health matters such like communicable diseases. Bush did not propose the ratification of the Kyoto Protocol.He did not consider Chinas proposal that greenhouse gas discharge be dependent on a per capita basis instead of a per country basis. The very poor records that were kept by Bush concerning the environment in Texas didnt bode very well in engaging Asia on essential environmental issues. However, the first Bush administration is more likely to be fragmented, incoherent as well as contradictory. It suffered from the vision thing for so many reasons. In the first place, the Bush administration lacked a clear mandate. When he was campaigning, the new president did not offer sound foreign policy plan as a package, Asia countries included.Last but not least, East Asia has really undergone a considerable transformation since the time President Bush started ruling. Nevertheless, the coverage of this revolution in the western press is over and over again restricted to articles on China s environmental problems or North Korea nuclear ambitions. Most of the East Asias leaders believe that for United States policy toward East Asia which has always remained essentially bilateral as well as ad hoc for decades to go on to be valuable, it must be updated to reflect more accurately contemporary realities in the region.Finally, Multilateral as well as unilateral sanctions have always been obligate on Iran in order to increase the pressure on its regime. The United States puts more prominence on its wide range of unilateral sanctions. Works Cited Glen, S. Axis of Evil and Rogue States The Bush Administration. Washington Glen Segell Publishers, 2006. Martin, G. transnational Relations Theory for the Twenty-First Century. Routledge, 2007. Seung, H. North Koreas Second Nuclear Crisis and Northeast Asian Security. New York Ashgate publishing Ltd, 2007.

Divorce Research Paper Essay Example for Free

Divorce Research Paper EssayPondering question to earn reader mentation about topic II. What the problem is d. Children do not clear behind their peers in these areas during the potentially roiling period in front their parents break, the study revealed. Instead, its after the split that kids cook the appearance _or_ semblance to have the most trouble coping. embroil this from Healthday reporter Alan mozes e. What the churl feels, they feel its their fault and makes them much upset III. Statistics f. What classes children with divorced parents are struggling in g. Average grades for the kids h. What it does to teens IV. My personal experience i. How my grades were before and after j. What classes I was struggling in k. My personal feelings about it V. Conclusion l. Say how parents really need to think about how it will affect their child before breathing out by with it. m. My views on the statistics and why it is valid info n.Opinion about parents being more than involved in childrens schoolwork. Christian Startt Mrs. Pantusa English 1 A. P Prep April 26, 2013 Divorce and How It Affects Children ingress Divorce can be the most inconvenient and hardest long-term problem of a childs life, affecting all parts of his or her life all because of the parents failing marriage. 41% of first marriages end in divorce (Irvin, M), which is a substantial percentage of marriage that has not followed through with their vows and left their kids normality in the dust.Grades, emotions, and innocence all are changed in the plow of the divorce, as well as a new set of challenge and problems these kids have to face in everyday life. Divorce isnt just a split between a family, its more of a life changer. As soon as me and my wife Terri divorced, explains Chris Startt, basic life changed heavily. Laundry, planning dinner everyday, and constantly worrying about my sons grades has really kept me busy and worried. I asked Chris how his sons grades were after his di vorce. When me and my ex were still together, Christians grades were outstanding, strait As.But later (a year passes) his grades went from strait As to Bs and Cs later on in middle school. According to Healthday reporter Alan Mozes, Children do not fall behind their peers in these areas during the potentially disruptive period before their parents divorce, the study revealed. Instead, its after the split that kids seem to have the most trouble coping. Research suggests that the odds of a divorce occurring in a household before the children become grown rest at about 50% (Ahilburg and DeVita, 1992), with divorce rank beginning to soar in 1963 (Jeynes, 1999).A 60-year literature review of 347 experimental studies confirmed that many studies have concluded that divorce has negative consequences for childrens academic achievement (Kunz, 1992). Most research shows that the childs math scores were the ones that were mostly affected. Kim found that while a divorce is in progress, first, second and third-graders experience a dip in math test scores a decline that holds steady once the divorce is final. (Mozes) But, at the same time reading scores didnt really seem to be changing, as research from (Mozes) shows that however, Kim found that reading scores remain unaffected.When my parents divorced, about 6 old age ago, I was 9 years old in 3rd grade and thats when my grades went from strait As, to As and Bs, and then a C here and there. Mathematics really begun to get more and more difficult to concentrate to and the tests were getting harder to get a line. Reading, however, was my strength in elementary school, and it remained un-affected after my parents divorce. detective Hyun Sik Kim explains, Reading is not that cumulative. But with math, you must understand previous things to develop. For example, if I do not understand that one plus one is two, then I cannot understand multiplication.Divorce really puts a childs mind in motion. After the divorce the child m ay feel like it was his/her fault, cause stress and emotional problems. By this happening, the child will become more stressed by the touching between houses, therefor making it harder to concentrate on schoolwork and thus grades beginning to lower. My personal experiences besides help support my argument. Divorce should be decided with caution you have to think about how its going to affect your child and how its going to affect their future.

Nicaraguan Cocoa Trade Essay Example for Free

Nicaraguan burnt umber Trade EssayCocoa has been an important instigate of Mesoamerican life for more than a thousand grades. It began as a sacred, ceremonial food until the find of the Americas by the Europeans. From that time to today deep brown has been a booming commodity locally and more importantly, in the worldwide marketplace. (Somarriba, 2009) However, Nicaragua struggles to capture a big portion of the international market, although cocoa from that region is generally judge as very high timbre. In the late 1970s farmers struggled with both pasture disease and begin market prices. The outcome was a massive replacement by farmers from cocoa to bananas, which were believed to be more profitable. The put was a decrease in cocoa bean production, which has remained relatively low until recently. Today cocoa is frequently cultivated by indigenous peoples and peasant farmers. Many Mesoamerican countries use the cocoa farms as a key land use effort to reducing poverty . (Somarriba, 2009) However, Nicaragua is beginning to turn their counsel on conk out production methods, and more land specifically designated to the production of cocoa.Experts have estimated that only 6400 hectargons argon farmed each category in the cultivation of cocoa. That number roughly represents about one thousand cubic tons per year in cocoa production. (Navarrete, 2005) In addition to this, most farmers be small scale generational farmers, passport along traditions through the years. However, it has also been estimated that in comparison to the 6400 hect bes that are farmed each year, a possible 350,000 hectares are suitable for cocoa production. (Navarretes, 2005)This exciting prospect is further fueled by the high demand for quality cocoa by international buyers such as Ger many a(prenominal) a(prenominal), The Netherlands, and the USA. (Dand, 2009) Although Nicaraguan cocoa is known for its very lovable characteristics and therefore good market prices, the area struggles with low production. The two biggest contributors to such minimal output are both poor agricultural management and technology, and plant-diseases. (Navarretes, 2005) Cultivating cocoa is a relatively abstemious groom. Many farmers standardized the lack of costly equipment or chemicals that would eat up profits. However, cocoa is very labor intensive.One of the many problems facing Nicaraguan farmers is learning how to deal with these issues on a steady basis to increase crop production. Firstly, blur preparation and plot placement is important. Cocoa needs well drained soil and messiness of water, humidness and sunshine. Often the small considerations like weeding and cutting down excessive shade trees that steal soil nutrients and sunlight are neglected and cause poor crops, although they are fairly easy problems to amends. . (Navarretes, 2005)Another easy remedy that is often overlooked is that of dead or diseased pod and limb removal.Neglecting such seemingly h onest tasks have had disastrous effects on whole cocoa crops. The diseased or dead pods and limbs promptly become diseased and spread rapidly throughout the crop. Adding to these mounting problems, farmers try to save crops with chemicals, but pervert and poor techniques result in killing the crops anyway. One of the most deadly diseases that cocoa farms are persuadable to is the Monilia virus. This devastating virus acts like a cancer and is very easily spread. In the late 1980s the Monilia virus was responsible for crop failures in most of Mesoamerica. (Lok, p.251) Management practices were introduced to attend educate farmers on easy methods to save crops. These included removing infected fruit, pruning and weed control. One of the biggest problems remaining today that stands as a great hindrance to the desired cocoa production is simply that many of these farmers are ill-educated on husbandry techniques, and dont know how to identify or resolve any of these fairly simple pr oblems. However, nongovernmental organizations and extensionist groups have tried to come in and remedy the problems. Extensionists focused mainly on horticulture practices and taught farmers how to identify and resolve problems.Also, they spent time educating farmers on methods for stimulating production, site choices and record keeping. Several problems were go about in all of these areas. First of all, one method which involves opening up the crown of the tree for eight-day term production must be carefully balanced by how much water is unspoiled the tree, humidity being an important factor in healthy cocoa trees. In one field after education the farmer on proper techniques, the farmer didnt relate the balance of humidity and sunshine, and lost the entire crop to dehydration.This proved to encourage distrust in the farmers of the extensionists who were there to help atomic number 82 to the general consensus by the farmers that they should continue to stick to their own meth ods. (Lok, p. 255) As one farmer expressed his feelings on the matter, I was told to im check my plot here, because it was the best place according to the extensionists, but I regret having through with(p) so. Next time I will establish my plot far from the river on the slope. This will empower me less work, while still producing an acceptable amount of cocoa. (Lok, p. 255)In addition to differences with training techniques, resistance by farmers was also had in relaying the importance of cutting down other trees that inhibit good cocoa crop production. Part of the problem lies in the simple fact that farmers use many of the trees for other necessary uses. For example, many of the shade trees are used for firewood and fruit and are seen by the farmers as being indispensable. Moreover, when trying to establish a basis for recording yield production, extensionists found that farmers would hesitate to give the correct amount.Farmers insecure reenforcement circumstances, murder, the ft and kidnapping, as well as debts needing to be repaid to the NGOs all play their part in the farmers inconsistencies and reluctance to report accurately. Unfortunately these problems only add to the difficulties being set about in trying to increase production. (Lok, p. 255) With the aid of extensionists also came the helpful tools that the NGOs had to offer. Because most cocoa was initially sold to middle men, farmers got low prices for their crops, thus ensuring the cycle of low production.With help from NGOs cocoa prices went up which opened opportunities for funding for better methods. The main problem faced in this are was mostly one that often strikes countries struggling with economic development. One government leader in attempting to incubate this problem of squandering increased income bluntly stated, Brother workers and peasants, begging your pardon, but you will have to soak up drunk less, and dedicate the money to your family. (Fagen, 1986) Its second largest tas k of providing ways to market its product has been aided both internally and externally.With new focus on commercialization and export procedures change is inevitable. Just as in the case with farming techniques, many of the issues that are hindering a large scale export are easily resolved. For instance, one of the major obstacles in the commercial cycle is simply that the roads are in such bad condition make travel impassable. (Dand, 1997) With the addition of government projects and government backing the authority for success is high. In addition, Nicaraguan commercialization of cocoa is focusing on the utilization of the CAFTA organization to help increase productivity.(Dilger, 2005) Following CAFTA encouragement, Nicaragua would focus its commercialization with the United States, who buys 25% of the world production. With this strengthened focus CAFTA will also push cocoa as a free market product, trying to arouse restrictions and increase sales. (Dilger, 2005) Interestingly , CAFTA is also aware of the traditional cocoa cultivation practices and is urging farmers to try mew methods. (Dilger, 2005) no matter of the many obstacles, the national goal of Nicaragua to increase production of one of its finest exports remains strong.Nicaragua is aware of its problems of low production, lack of credit, persistent Monilia, and pricing wars. (Dilger, 2005) However, with Nicaraguas high quality cocoa and the accompanying international demands, Nicaragua could easily postulate in the international cocoa trade. The potential for growth is strong, as is the determination of Nicaragua. References Dand, R. (1997). The International Cocoa Trade. raw(a) York John Wiley Sons. Retrieved March 26, 2009, from Questia database http//www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=od=114030771 Dilger, Robert. Kopsell, Edgar.(August 2005) Estrategias publicas-privadas en el sector Cacoa en Nicaragua y Acuerdos regionales de comercio libre. Fagen, R. R. (1986, November). The political relatio n of Transition. Monthly Review, 38, 1+. Retrieved March 26, 2009, from Questia database http//www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=od=5002128448 Lok, Rossana. (1998) Traditional Cocoa Agroforesrty Systems in Wasala, Nicaragua. Navarrete, Ignacio Thelma Gaitan. (2005). Cadena del Cultivo Cacao. Somarriba, Eduardo. Sustainable Cocoa Production in Mesoamerica. www. worldcocoafoundation. org. Retrieved March 26, 2009